PASHTO: د علم البیان په رڼا کښې د الفت بېګم درد د غزل تحقیقي او تنقیدي جائزه

Ulfat Begum Dard’s Ghazal: A Research and Critical Analysis in the Light of Figurative Rhetoric

Abstract

This research artical presents a critical analysis of the Pashto ghazals of Ulfat Begum Dard with specific reference to Ilm-ul-Bayan (figurative rhetoric). Rooted in the rich tradition of Pashto ghazal , her poetry artistically expresses emotions such as love, sorrow, and feminine melancholy through figurative devices including metaphor, simile, allusion, and personification. The study briefly situates Begum Dard within Pashto literary history, highlighting her distinctive voice as a female poet in a predominantly patriarchal context. Using a qualitative analytical approach, the paper examines how these rhetorical devices enhance semantic richness and emotional intensity in her selected ghazals. The analysis demonstrates that the effective use of Ilm-ul-Bayan not only reinforces traditional ghazal aesthetics but also deepens thematic expression, thereby affirming Ulfat Begum Dard’s significance in Pashto poetic discourse.